I'm sure you thought you had a point but you don't. Anything considered treason today was called high treason in the past, in order to distinguish it from petty treason which we would no longer call that. All treason is high treason--got nothing to do with the presence of a king.
However, violations of the Invention Secrecy Act and specifically of a secrecy order, are not generally considered treason. One who willfully violates the secrecy order will likely have his patent application held abandoned, lose his right to compensation, be barred from receiving a patent and may be subject to a substantial fine and up to two years in prison.
http://www.uakron.edu/dotAsset/1138093.pdf
You'll find in this document how the whole issue of seeking compensation works, but in general, one of the agencies involved enters into negotiations with the inventor, and whoever in that agency is doing the negotiation comes up with a figure from the air, of what they think the invention is worth. If the inventor agrees, he receives 75% of that value. If he doesn't agree he is lost in a legal morass for years trying to get before a judge and get paid. There are NO STATUTORY GUIDELINES concerning how to calculate compensation, so it's generally understood an invention that has had USG's greedy mitts clamped on it, is never going to be paid for at full market value. This has been true since the Invention Secrecy Act was made law in 1951.
This is just one more reason that inventors don't get rich on their inventions. This is exceedingly rare.
"Courage is not just a virtue, but the form of every virtue at the testing point." C. S. Lewis