The really sad part of this was that they could have started pulling this agricultural mechanization off circa 1805. Society knew about steam power but was not quite buying into its potential. I'm sitting on a novella on the subject, which is why I have so much Jefferson lore at my fingertips (including his collected writings just to the left of my keyboard).Diogenes wrote:
Well I agree with your assessment. I think the coming period of mechanization would have taken the profit out of slavery, and with the profit would go it's reasons for existing.
The South had as much a right to secede as did the colonies from Britain, and I've always thought it was ironic that Lincoln's greatest speech was about the time the Colonies broke away from Britain four score and seven years before he made that speech. (1863-87=1776)
Item: the fellow who designed automated flour mills, Oliver Evans, got a patent for this invention from Jefferson (Sec. of State in the first administration, and personally responsible for reviewing patents). Jefferson got a patent for a "plow of least resistance". Jefferson was fascinated with agricultural toys, including a couple of horse-powered threshing machines and a grain drill. And from Jefferson's correspondence, it is clear that he knew all about Evans' inventions, and built an Evans mill.
Not clear in most histories of Evans, was that he designed and built a working model of an steam-powered Agricultural Traction Engine in about 1805. This is revealed to us by an engineer who wrote a series of articles on engineering in his later years, who knew Evans as a child and who played with this model tractor and had seen it run. And in case you're not familiar with Evans as a steam engineer, he pioneered high pressure steam in the US, and his engines were very good. https://repository.si.edu/handle/10088/10090
The McCormick harvesting machine was a project started circa 1809, by Robert McCormick, who let the thing languish in the barn, as many back yard inventors do, until his son Cyrus finally picked up the project and finished it in the 1830's. In 1809, it would have taken about 3 hours of labor to produce a bushel of wheat. Consider the labor impact of planting and harvesting by machine on farm labor (i.e. slavery) needs.
Get this? Most histories will say that the steam tractor was not invented until after the Civil War, around 1870, when loss of slavery made it necessary, but it could have been done before Fulton's North River Steamboat sailed! And there was equipment that should have been easily adapted to it. Plows, threshers, a harvesting machine, seed planting equipment ... all these ideas were either in use or under development prior to the Missouri Compromise. Now, add a tractor to run them, and .... Very different history.
We got steamboats. Fulton in 1807, first Mississippi steamboat in 1811. First practical Mississippi steamboat in 1814, which delivered supplies from Pittsburgh to New Orleans, arriving the day after the famous battle, and was able to steam back to Pittsburgh. Locomotives were available in 1829 which would have been adaptable as tractors with very little work. These transportation measures made it possible to move cotton North. And, due to trade embargos, a Yankee manage to steal the designs for British fabric mills and built one in Massachusetts during the war of 1812. And, of course, Whitney had introduced the Cotton Engine, which was widely duplicated with little benefit to him. So the stage was set for cotton to become King. But they missed the step of the tractor ... the inspiration of agricultural automation. It was right there. They had it at their fingertips, and couldn't see it because they just didn't have the imagination.
More particularly, every single item of this was right in Jefferson's face. He knew all the players, and understood the technology. He had even adjusted his thinking to support US manufacturing, including installing looms at Monticello. And, as of 1820, Jefferson clearly recognized the danger. Jefferson was busy setting up the University of Virginia, which would have made the perfect venue for a College of Agricultural Engineering. Damnation, the man could have totally changed history if he'd just put it all together.
I can't fix that history. But we all better make sure we don't miss comparable advances today. Tho', this crowd is arguing this on Talk-Polywell.