Hello,
Anyone know:
When EMCC was founded? (Business Records?)
When they got their first funding? (This was for HEPS)
When they started HEPS?
Thanks.
Anyone know when EMCC was founded? Funded?
Re: Anyone know when EMCC was founded? Funded?
Alway go to askmar first. http://www.askmar.com/Fusion.html
Dang, I was sure the askmar had copied all the EMC2FDC site documents to his site. Seems not the historical ones. Too bad.
Well, perhaps tomorrow I will try to post the ones I down-loaded to... umm... suggestions?
Dang, I was sure the askmar had copied all the EMC2FDC site documents to his site. Seems not the historical ones. Too bad.
Well, perhaps tomorrow I will try to post the ones I down-loaded to... umm... suggestions?
Re: Anyone know when EMCC was founded? Funded?
Your own blog?
Everything is bullshit unless proven otherwise. -A.C. Beddoe
Re: Anyone know when EMCC was founded? Funded?
Does anyone know how to upload such a file to facebook?
Re: Anyone know when EMCC was founded? Funded?
Kite,
Are you going to talk about the 80's EMC2 and Pacific-Sierra Research Corp., or keep it with the official start-up of EMC2?
Are you going to talk about the 80's EMC2 and Pacific-Sierra Research Corp., or keep it with the official start-up of EMC2?
The development of atomic power, though it could confer unimaginable blessings on mankind, is something that is dreaded by the owners of coal mines and oil wells. (Hazlitt)
What I want to do is to look up C. . . . I call him the Forgotten Man. (Sumner)
What I want to do is to look up C. . . . I call him the Forgotten Man. (Sumner)
Re: Anyone know when EMCC was founded? Funded?
I was going to upload EMC2's History of Polywell.
Re: Anyone know when EMCC was founded? Funded?
Kiteman,
Did you upload it anywhere?
Did you upload it anywhere?
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Re: Anyone know when EMCC was founded? Funded?
are you referring to EMCC the polywell company or EMCC the company i made up just not just to confuse you on this question?
Re: Anyone know when EMCC was founded? Funded?
The .pdf of this report doesn't show a copyright symbol so...
< QuikHstryOf PolyPgm0206 >
EMC2 2658 Del Mar Heights Rd., #360, Del Mar, CA 92014
Ph 858-350-0438, e-mail emc2qed@comcast.net
A QUICK HISTORY OF
THE EMC2 POLYWELL IEF CONCEPT
February 2006
PATENTS
Fundamental idea conceived in January 1983
Overcame inherent limits of Farnsworth/Hirsch work of 1960’s
First patent filed in 1985; issued 1989
On polyhedral IEF systems, with magnetic confinement of electrons,
electrostatic confinement of ions
Second patent filed in 1990; issued in 1992
On electrostatic wave trapping of electrons and ions in IEF
Third patent in process, January 2005
On optimal engineering designs and constraints for net fusion power production
PAPERS
Many physics papers published and/or given at APS Plasma Physics Division and Sherwood Theory conferences, from 1990 through 1994. Participation stopped in 1995 at USN suggestion
Systems design and applications papers for Polywell IEF use in advanced space rocket systems, given at AIAA, STAIF and other aerospace-and fission-fuel-related conferences from 1988/1993-2004
Many (hundreds) detailed internal technical papers, documents, reviews and reports developed during program work, 1988-present.
Detailed FINAL REPORTS (lengthy technical monographs) developed and submitted for all contracted program efforts, 1986/2005
R&D WORK
First small (50 K) study, DARPA, 1985/86
Define concept, limitations of physics and engineering, critical problems,
and potential systems and applications
SDIO/DNA major study (250 K), 1987/88
USN approached for joint DARPA/NRL program; NRL (Coffey) rejected
DARPA/HEPS R&D program (30 M reduced to 10 M); 1989/1992
Program ability to reach main objective destroyed by dismissal of DARPA Director 4 months after program start; funds reduced by 3x
DoE Hq study (toroidal polyhedral IEF; 100 K); 1992/93
Application of polyhedral IEF to toroidal sysatems, and study of fuel/gas vacuum system separation means
USN SBIR Phase I (50 K); 1992/93
Basic concepts, physics and engineering features, propulsion applications
EPRI IEF Power Plant study (150 K), 1993
Physics./engineering features of IEF for utility plants
USN SBIR Phase II (750 K), 1993/1995
First small scale experimental study of Wiffle Ball behaviour; study of electron trapping and transport
LANL/UI joint study (315 K), 1992/94
Physics and engineering aspects of ion-driven IEC systems
(e.g. Hirsch/Farnsworth devices); fusion reactions in CP frame systems
SDIO/NASA study (280 K), 1993/94
Physics and application of polyhedral IEF to space missions; electrostatic wave trapping enhancement of fusion
USN major R&D program (12.7 M) 1999/2004
Main experimental effort to determine transport, trapping, ionization, ECR, fusion reactions and rates, background gas suppression, e- and i+ gun/source development, e.s. codes, potential distributions, scaling laws,
etc, etc.
USN transition/followon program (5. M; funded to 3.2 M), 2004/present
Extension of previous USN work, to expand from knowledge attained from prior work, and focus on remaining paths for achievement of simulated breakeven polyhedral IEF devices and systems
MACHINES
PRE-USN
SDIO/DNA 1987/88, small scale recirculating-electron (open corners) Polywell, R = 3 cm, low voltage and current 800-1000 V, 10-20 mA, B = 50-60 G
DARPA/HEPS, closed cubical box, large device, R = 93 cm, 25 ms pulsed, E = 15 kV, Ie = 5-10 A, water-cooled, truncated-cube coil magnets, B = 3.5 kG
USN/EMC2
DG-1.2, 1994, double-grid Hirsch/Farnsworth devices, R = 3 cm, calibrate instruments and show DD fusion at small scale, up to 5-6 kV, 100 mA
WB-1, 1994, R = 5 cm, uncooled, fixed solid-state magnets, annular ring cusp losses, recirculating electrons, B = 800 G, Ie = 4-5 A (max), E = 1-2 kV
WB-2, 1994/96, in-vacuum, recirculating (MG) uncooled wound-coil magnets, B = 1300 G, E = 1-2 kV (failed at 4.5 kV), truncated cube coils, 1-4 A
PXL-1, 1996/97, closed box, R = 13 cm, uncooled pancake coils on truncated cube faces, B = 1800 G single e-gun, Ie = few A, E = 4-5 kV, 2.45 GHz ECR
WB-3, 1998/2000, larger WB-2, recirc (MG), R = 10 cm, E up to 15 kV, Ie = 3 A, multiple emitters, B = 2400 G, 2.45 GHz ECR
MPG-1,2. 1999/2001, single-turn, water-cooled, recirc (MG) copper coils, pure edge-wound, E = 30 kV, Ie = 0.4 A, B = 70-100 G, ECR on coil surface only, R = 7/10 cm
WB-4, 2001/03, R = 15 cm, B = 5 kG, E = 15-30 kV, Ie = 2-4 A, water-cooled, canned, recirc (MG) copper coil truncated cube faces, 2.45 GHz ECR, several emitters
PZLx-1, 2003/04, adiabatic compressor, pulsed, un-cooled single-turn coil, bulk copper device, R = 3 cm, B = 35 kG (max pulsed), Ee(injection) = 15 kV, Ie = 10-100 A, Ee(at compression start) = 400-500 eV
MPG-4, 2003/04, larger MPG-1, with 7 turn coils, water-cooled tubing, ECR, etc
WB-5, 2004/05, larger PXL-1, external water-cooled coils, truncated cube, closed-box, max B = 6 kG, E = 15 kV, R = 40 cm, Ie 3-5 A (up to 3kA, pulsed)
WB-6, 2005, R = 15 cm, B = 1.3 kG, E = 12.5 kV, clean recirc truncube with minimal spaced corner interconnects, multi-turn, conformal can coils, uncooled, cap pulsed drive, Ie to 2000 A, incorporated final detailed engineering design constraints
RESULTS
WB-1 showed surface transport losses, and annular cusp losses, in accord with theory
WB-2 proved WB-trapping, low voltage, modest B fields, few A current; diamagnetic B field effects, probe measured well shape, showed deep (fractional) potential wells, developed first empirical transport scaling electron loss formulae
PXL-1 showed ECR suppression of neutral wall reflux, ion focussing at device center, WB diamagnetic current formation around cusps
MPG-1,2 showed first Polywell trapped ion fusion reactions, driven by electron injection, at up to 27 kV, supported MG transport equation scaling from WB-2 work
WB-3 showed deep potential wells, diamagnetic electron formations at low energy, ECR ionization inside and outside of machine
WB-4 showed deep potential wells, ECR neutral control both inside and outside of machine (low density), varied potential configurations, trapped ion fusion reactions under pulsed gas operation mode, agree with models/theory
PZLx-1 showed stability of polyhedral field shape under compression, fusion reactions in short pulse mode, high B fields, neutral plasma compression
WB-5 showed deep potential wells, potential well formation, fusion and oscillatory well collapse arising from limited power supply current capability, performance limits of closed configuration
WB-6 showed 1/10 of loss coefficient of WB-4, and ran as a deep well Polywell at 10-12 keV, producing DD fusions at 2.5E9 fus/sec. This is 200,000 times higher than the early work of Hirsch/Farnsworth and a world’s record for such IEF devices at same conditions.
PROVEN
High energy potential well depth, ion focussing and trapping, fusion reactions, electron trapping, electron (MG) transport loss scaling, cusp loss mechanisms, well and field macro-stability, neutral gas wall reflux suppression, limiting configurations and detailed design constraints for minimal losses, computer code design ability for machine B and E fields, fusion/electric power systems design codes, world’s record DD fusion output in final experiments, determined and verified all design scaling laws for physics and engineering constraints, definition of RDT&E for full scale net-power demonstration, prototype development plans, schedules and costs.